This book collects essays on the political economy of Brazil, focusing on the federal administrations led by the Workers’ Party (PT), under Presidents Lula and Dilma Rousseff. The essays examine the economic, political, and social aspects of these governments, and a whole spectrum of policies implemented – or not – between 2003 and 2016, with implications for the subsequent period up to, and including, the administration led by Jair Bolsonaro. It is shown that those governments were neoliberal, but in different ways when compared with other administrations in that country. Their similarities and differences are examined in detail.

Contributors are: Adalmir Antonio Marquetti, Alessandro Miebach, Alfredo Saad-Filho, Ana Paula Colombi, André Singer, Andréia Galvão, Armando Boito Jr, Barbara Fritz, Cecilia Hoff, Célio Hiratuka, Claudio Castelo Branco Puty, Cristhiane Falchetti, Daniela Magalhães Prates, Denise Gentil, Eduardo Fagnani, Fabiano Santos, Fabio Luis Barbosa dos Santos, Glaison Augusto Guerrero, Guilherme Mello, Gustavo Codas Friedmann, Humberto Martins, José Dari Krein, Lena Lavinas, Lucas Salvador, Andrietta, Luiz Fernando de Paula, Luiz Filgueiras, Marcelo Arend, Patrícia Rocha Lemos, Paula Marcelino, Pedro Cezar Dutra Fonseca, Pedro Mendes Loureiro, Pedro Paulo Zuluth Bastos, Pedro Rossi, Rafael Moura, Ruy Braga, and Soraia Aparecida Cardozo.